General

Scientific Names: Juglans regia L.

Common Names: Hu Tao, Hu Tao Ren, Hu Tao Rou.

BOTANICAL:

来 源： 为胡桃科植物胡桃Juglans regia L.的干燥成熟果实的核仁。

植物特征： 落叶乔木。羽状复叶互生；小叶5～9，对生，卵形、椭圆形或椭圆状卵形，长6～15cm，宽3～6cm，先端尖，全缘。花单性同株，与叶同时开放；雄？荑 花序下垂，花密生，雄蕊6～30；雌花序簇生，直立，生于幼枝的顶端，有花1～3，子房下位，密被毛。核果近球形，外果皮肉质，绿色；内果皮骨质，坚硬， 有不规则的浅沟。花期5月，果期10月。

生药材鉴定： 本品多破碎，为不规则的块状，有皱曲的沟槽，大小不一；完整者类球形，直径2～3cm。种皮淡黄色或黄褐色，膜状，维管束脉纹深棕色。子叶类白色。质脆，富油性。无臭，味淡；种皮味涩、微苦。

Pharmacology

化学成分: 含脂肪油，主成分为亚油酸、油酸、亚麻酸的甘油酯；另含蛋白质、碳水化合物、α-及γ-维生素E、维生素B2。

Efficacy

We investigated the effect of water and acetone extract of Juglans regia L. to evaluate its antimutagenic and antiproliferative activities. The antimutagenic study using TA98 and TA100 tester strains of Salmonella revealed the water and acetone extracts to be more effective than the benzene and chloroform extracts in inhibiting the revertants induced by 2-aminoflourene (2AF) in TA100 tester strains. The most effective extracts in the Ames assay were further evaluated using the Lucifer luciferase assay and in time course studies for antiproliferative activities using the Hoechst staining to observe apoptotic cell deaths. The acetone extract showed a correlation of antimutagenic activities in the Ames assay with its antiproliferative effect in different cell lines, while the water extract exerted its effect distinctly in each cell line. (source)

IN VITRO:

1. Kaur K, et al., Studies on correlation of antimutagenic and antiproliferative activities of Juglans regia L. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2003; 22(1):59-67.
2. Maciejewska A, et al., [Biological effect of wood dust]. Med Pr. 1993; 44(3):277-88. Review. Polish.
3. Osman NA, et al., Hazardous effect of topical cosmetic application of Deirum (Juglans regia L. plant) on oral tissue. Egypt Dent J. 1987 Jan; 33(1):31-5.

Safety

宜忌: 阴虚火旺及大便溏泻者慎服，肺有痰火及内有积热者禁服。不可与浓茶同服。