General

Scientific Names: Polygonum hydropiper L.

Common Names:La Liao, La Liao Cao, Shui Hu Jiao, La Liao Zi, Liao Zi.

BOTANICAL:

来 源： 为蓼科植物水辣蓼 Polygonum hydropiper L．的干燥全草。

植物特征： 一年生草本，高20～80cm，有辣味。茎直立，有的下部倾斜或伏地，多分枝，无毛，红褐色，节部膨大，基部节上常生须根。叶互生，有短柄；叶片披针形或椭圆状披针形，长3.5～11cm，宽5～19mm，两面均有腺点及非腺毛，尤以中脉及叶缘处为多；托叶鞘筒状，膜质，紫褐色，长6～11mm，顶端有睫毛，长1.5～10mm。花序穗状，腋生或顶生，下部细长，花簇间断，苞片钟形，疏生小点和缘毛；花疏生，花被淡白色或淡红色，5深裂，有明显腺点；雄蕊通常6，很少8；花柱2～3裂。瘦果卵形，有3棱，表面有小点，暗褐色，稍有光泽。花果期9～10月。

生药材鉴定： 根须状，表面灰棕色或紫褐色。茎圆柱形，有分枝，长20～80cm，直径约至2mm；表面红棕色或灰绿色，有棱线，节膨大；质脆，较易折断，断面绿白色或黄白色，中空。叶互生，有短柄；叶片皱缩或破碎，完整者展平后呈披针形或椭圆状披针形，长3.5～11cm，宽5～19mm，全缘，灰绿色、黄棕色或紫褐色，两面有半透明的腺点及非腺毛，尤以叶缘及中脉处为多；托叶鞘筒状，膜质，紫褐色或灰黄白色，长6～11mm，睫毛长1.5～10mm。穗状花序长2～10cm，下部花簇间断，灰绿色或棕黄色；苞片钟形，缘毛长1.5～5cm；花被5裂，灰白色或淡红色，裂片具腺点。气微，味辛辣。

Pharmacology

化学成分: 全草含水蓼素(Persicarin)、水蓼素-7-甲醚(Persicarin-7-methyl ether)、3′-甲基鼠李素(Rhamnazin)、金丝桃甙(Hyperin)、槲皮黄甙(Quercimeritrin)、槲皮甙、槲皮素、芦丁、山奈素(Kaempferide)、水蓼二醛(Tadeonal)、异水蓼二醛(Isotadeonal)、蓼酸(Polygonic acid)、维生素K、蒽醌及其衍生物、鼠李欣素酸性甲酯、挥发油、β-谷甾醇-葡萄糖甙。

Efficacy

3, 4'-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxystilbene (DMHS) is a hydroxystilbene compound obtained by methylation and acid hydrolysis of piceid (resveratrol-3-O-glucoside) from Polygonum cuspidatum. Herein, we report that DMHS induces programmed cell death or apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells. We found that treatment of HL-60 cells with DMHS suppressed the cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 25 microM. DMHS increased internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in a time-dependent manner. The cell death by DMHS was partially prevented by the caspase inhibitor, zVAD-fmk. DMHS caused activation of caspases such as caspase-3, -8, and -9. Immunoblot experiments revealed that DMHS-induced apoptosis was associated with the induction of Bax expression. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol was increased in response to DMHS. Taken together, our present results indicated that DMHS leads to apoptotic cell death in HL-60 cells through increased Bax expression and release of cytochrome c into cytosol and may be considered as a good candidate for a cancer chemopreventive agent in humans. (source)

IN VITRO:

1. Kimura Y. New anticancer agents: in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antitumor and antimetastatic actions of various compounds isolated from medicinal plants. In Vivo. 2005 Jan-Feb; 19(1):37-60. Review.
2. Kimura Y. Pharmacological studies on resveratrol. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2003 May; 25(4):297-310. Review.
3. Wang Z, et al., [Antiviral action of combined use of rhizoma Polygoni cuspidati and radix Astragali on HSV-1 strain]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1999 Mar; 24(3):176-80, 192. Chinese.
4. Savouret JF, et al., Resveratrol and cancer: a review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2002 Mar; 56(2):84-7. Review.
5. Lee SH, et al., Induction of apoptosis by 3,4'-dimethoxy-5-hydroxystilbene in human promyeloid leukemic HL-60 cells. Planta Med. 2002 Feb; 68(2):123-7.
6. Takasaki M, et al., New phenylpropanoid esters of sucrose from Polygonum lapathifolium. J Nat Prod. 2001 Oct; 64(10):1305-8.
   
   
   
   
   
   

Safety

宜忌: 　 有小毒。